II, 1(d)). Number of signatures required: 5% of the votes cast for governor at the preceding election (Const. Submission deadline of signatures: Signatures must be filed one year prior to the election (SDCL 2-1-1.2). Code 9050). Art. b. retrospective voting. The Legislative Counsel Bureau distributes items to legislators, public libraries, newspapers and broadcasters (N.R.S. Reports of contributions and expenditures are due on a quarterly basis. Art. Art. Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: Certified ballot title is due at least 65 days before the election. . Number of signatures required: 2% of the residential population according to the last federal decennial census (Const. Art. 53 7). Must also provide a notarized list of names of proponents and a statement of organization. Constitution 48, Init., Pt. 1(5)). III, 4 and NRS 32-1414). Subject restrictions: None (Const. Stat. 295.009 with the secretary of state, and it may be amended pursuant to that statute (N.R.S. Vote requirement for passage: Majority and not less than 35% of the total vote cast at the election (Const. 12, 2; M.C.L.A. Chapter 10 Flashcards | Quizlet OH Const. 250.036; OR CONST Art. Who can sign the petition: Voters who register on or before the date the petition is required to be filed (NRS 32-1404).. II, 1(b) and RCW 29A.72.150, 4% of the votes cast for the office of governor at the last election, 15% of the total ballots cast in the previous general election. 2, 8). Art. Art. Reports are monthly during election years and annually in nonelection years. 5, 1; A.C.A. Art. b. four In most states, this must be done on or before the date the petition is submitted for verification and is done by filing a form with election officials. Art. Fiscal statement is included in voter pamphlet as is other information. Fiscal review: Prepared by legislative council (CRS 1-40-105.5). General election, and filed at least six months before the election with the secretary of state. 3501.38). States sometimes limit how soon a measure can be re-attempted. Which election: The first statewide election held more than 180 days after adjournment of the session during which the act was passed (Const. 169.234; 169.247). Which election is a measure on: The next regular or general election occurring subsequent to the 125 days after filing signatures (OH Const. Public review or notice: The attorney general submits a draft ballot title and the public may submit written comments regarding it, which the attorney general may use to revise the title. Application process information: Submit draft of proposed initiative to legislative council and office of legislative legal services for review and comment. were members of a single minority group, in order to ensure minority representation, was not A report is also due no later than the 15th day after the deadline for filing the referendum petition. Petition title and summary creation: Within 15 days of the issuance of the certificate of review by the attorney general, petitioners file the measure with the secretary of state, who forwards it to the attorney general, who has 10 days to draft a title (IC 34-1809(2)). Art. Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. 354, Michigan: M.C.L.A. Referendum and initiative | Definition, Forms, History, & Facts 4, Pt. 21). Art. 15, 273; Miss. Prepared by chief legislative budget officer. 19-111; 19-124). Who creates petitions: Petition filed by proponents is certified by attorney general, ballot board, and secretary of state (O.R.C. Art. If the winner of an election is whoever receives the most votes, regardless of the percentage of votes Collected in-person: Yes (N.R.S. Signers must be residents in at least three-fourths of the state house districts, and signatures in each house district must equal in number at least 7% of those who voted in the preceding general election, 3% of total votes cast for the office of governor from at least 15 counties. If a congressional district has 90 to 110 % of the needed valid signatures, every single signature will be verified to discern if it qualifies (V.A.M.S. Office of the Legislative Fiscal Analyst conducts an estimate and description of funding sources. 4, Pt. V, 3 and OK Stat. III, 2). Art. What is on each petition: Full text of proposed amendment for amendments, a prescribed warning, and follow other guidelines such as form (M.C.L.A. Lieutenant governor forwards petitions that are qualified for the ballot to the Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel, which drafts an impartial title of not more than 100 words summarizing the contents of the proposal. Proponent organization and requirements: Original filing must include the names, addresses and signatures of at least 25 electors as sponsors (Const. Most European nations employ what system of elections? Art. If statute petition is passed by the legislature, then it is subject to the referendum. What is on each petition: Petition must include the full text of the measure, the affidavit of the circulator (Const. A petition's sponsor must file a campaign finance report at the time a petition is filed under 6-205 and a committee opposing a ballot measure must file a campaign finance report within 10 business days after the petition is filed under 6-205 (Elec. Const. Which election is a measure on: Only regular state, congressional and municipal elections (Ark. IV, 1(3)). 3519.01 and 3519.05(C). Withdrawal of petition: The sponsor may file a written notice to withdraw the initiative with the secretary of state (V.A.M.S. Paid per signature: Prohibited (Const. Most states require that the petition bear a title and/or summary of the proposed measure. Verification: Counts total number and then takes 5 % random sample to verify signature accuracy (A.R.S. c. are funded through a loophole in campaign finance laws. (Elec. b. that Kennedy had a much stronger performance than Nixon during televised 5, 57; Art. referendum: 1 n a legislative act is referred for final approval to a popular vote by the electorate Type of: vote the opinion of a group as determined by voting 14, 11. For instance, changes to the state constitution must be approved by voters before they can take effect. A simple statement of the gist of the proposition is printed at the top of each signature page (34 OS 3). III, 52(c); Wyo Stat. Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: 125 days must pass after filing petition before election (OH Const. 100.371; 16.061). Proponents; a simple statement of the gist of the measure is included on the petition. In 18 states, the application to circulate a popular referendum petition is filed with the chief election officer. Application process information: The sponsor must file a copy of the measure signed by 1,000 electors (and not more than 2,000) with the secretary of state, along with the text of the measure, whether they plan to use paid circulators, and designating three chief petitioners (O.R.S. Secretary of state and approved by attorney general. Cannot "pass a law authorizing any classification of property for the purpose of levying different rates of taxation thereon or of authorizing the levy of any single tax on land or land values or land sites at a higher rate or by a different rule than is or may be applied to improvements thereon or to personal property.". Collected in-person: Yes (Elec. Application process information: The person(s) or organization(s) under whose authority the measure is to be referred must deliver to the secretary of state the petition, signed by at least 20 qualified electors of the state (IC 34-1804). Withdrawal of petition: None, other than the limit of circulation is one year after the petition is approved by the secretary of state (NDCC, 16.1-01-09). Art. For amendments, 10 % of the total votes cast for governor (M.C.L.A. Does the law in question take effect before the referendum vote: No (Const. XI, 3). 3, 52(e) and Wyo. 8). It is the right and power to vote. 21 1). (Const. Types Allowed: Indirect initiative for statutes, and popular referendum. Verification: The qualified voter file shall be used to determine the validity of petition signatures by verifying the registration of signers and the genuineness of signatures on petitions when the qualified voter file contains digitized signatures. Conflicting measures: Measure with greatest number of affirmative votes is enacted, although the entire competing measure might not be superseded (>I.C. Art. 29. II, 9). Submission deadline of signatures: Filed four months before election, and have been published in newspaper at least 30 days prior (Ark. 3; Const. 273; Miss. XVI, 2). 2; Neb. b. a state legislator. A person also qualifies as a ballot measure committee if 2% or more of its annual revenues, operating expenses or funds are used to make contributions to another ballot measure committee which exceed $10,000 in value (ACA 9-7-402). Other subject restrictions: Measure provisions cannot be dependent upon meeting certain vote %age. IV, 1(4)). 4, Pt. Geographic distribution:For constitutional amendments, signatures must be gathered from 10% of qualified electors in each of two-fifths (40) of the state's 100 legislative districts (MT CONST Art. Submission deadline of signatures: At least 131 days prior to the next general election the measure is to be voted on (Cal.Elec.Code 9016; Cal.Const. Stat. To place a popular referendum on the ballot, sponsors must gather signatures on petitions. Submission deadline for signatures: Ninety days after the law is filed by the governor in the office of the secretary of state (Const. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Sponsoring committee must file a statement of renumeration prior to circulating signatures if circulators will be paid (NDCC 16.1-01-12(1)(j)). Next state election, if 60 days intervene between the date when such petition is filed and the date for holding such state election; if that is less than 60 days, then the law must be submitted to the people at the next state election, unless it is repealed before then. 3, 52). Const. 116.110). A statement must be filed by a ballot issue committee supporting or opposing a measure not more than 35 days after the petition is filed. Art. 3, 18, 20). What is on each petition: Petition must include a short title of 20 words or less, a summary and the text of the measure. Ballot measure committees must file pre-primary, pre-general, year-end and, if applicable, supplemental reports in even-numbered years. Neb. Legislature or other government official review: The legislature may determine method of determining fiscal impact (NDCC Const. 4, 1, Pt. 2, 3. The attorney general reviews the ballot title after signed petitions are turned in (34 Okl.St.Ann. 19, 3; N.R.S. Withdrawal process of individual signature: Signature may be withdrawn not later than 5 p.m. on the date the petition containing the person's signature is filed by signing a statement of intent to withdraw at the secretary of state's office, mailing a signed, notarized statement of intent to the secretary of state or drawing a line through the signature and printed name (ARS 19-113). Circulator oaths or affidavit required: Yes (SDCL 2-1-10). 34-1812a, 34-1812b, I.C. Geographic distribution: Not more than half may be residents of Baltimore City or of one county (Const. if(document.getElementsByClassName("reference").length==0) if(document.getElementById('Footnotes')!==null) document.getElementById('Footnotes').parentNode.style.display = 'none'; Ballotpedia features 408,503 encyclopedic articles written and curated by our professional staff of editors, writers, and researchers. 15, 273 and Miss. Must also be submitted to the appropriate officials of cities, towns or plantations, or state election officials as authorized by law, 10 days before it's due with the secretary of state. Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (Miss. 1(3)). 5, 1; A.C.A. Art. 2, 9; Const. Const. Attorney general drafts ballot titles and certifies statements. Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (Wyo. Application process information: Submit filing fee and a petition signed by 1,000 voters to the attorney general, with a summary and complete copy of the measure. 5, 1; Amend. Verification: The secretary of state may use any statistical sampling techniques for this verification and canvass which have been adopted by rule as provided by chapter 34.05 RCW (RCWA 29A.72.230). Fiscal review: Director of the Legislative Research Council prepares a fiscal note as requested (SDLC 2-9-30; 2-9-31; 2-9-34). 21 1). Application process information: Not available in statute. Withdrawal process of individual signature: File a written request including the voter's name, residence address and signature with the appropriate county elections official prior to the day the petition is filed (Elec. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Include but may not be limited to that proponent or opponent groups for a ballot proposition are considered political issue committees unless they meet certain criteria such as not expending more than $5,000, and political issue committees register and report financially (U.C.A. 901, 906; 1 M.R.S.A. 3, 1). Records must be kept of contributions and expenditures. St. 32-1408. 19, 2; N.R.S. Petitions must be filed within 90 days after the legislative session at which the law was passed adjourns either sine die or for more than 90 days. Who can sign the petition: Qualified voters (Const. Eighteen months for collection, and then sponsors must submit signatures no later than six months before the election and can only start collecting the day after the previous general election. Other states vary when it comes to restrictions, ranging from specific vote thresholds on certain topics to disallowing certain issues. 3, 6). 48, Gen. V, 2). 2, 9; Const. Thirteen of the 23 popular referendum states have geographic distribution requirements for petition signatures. Repeat measures: For three years, measures can only be proposed again by signatures totaling 25 % of total votes cast for governor last election, and special rule for competing measures (OK Const. Verification: County officials ascertain whether each part-petition is properly verified, and whether the names on each part-petition are on the registration lists of such county, or whether the persons whose names appear on each part-petition are eligible to vote in such county, and to determine any repetition or duplication of signatures, the number of illegal signatures, and the omission of any necessary details required by law (ORC 3519.15). Const. II, 10(a)). Proponents then file the measure with the secretary of state (I.C. 3, 3; NDCC, 16.1-01-09), Ohio (Const, Art. In 2021, Idaho passed. Proponents may suggest title (OH Const. Petition title and summary creation: No separate title, and a simple "statement of the gist" of the measure is included on the petition (34 Okl.St.Ann. Which election is a measure on: For statutes, if not passed by the legislature within 40 days, then it is placed on the next general election's ballot. Art. 19, 2; N.R.S. 4, 1, Pt. Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: There must be more than 180 days between the adjournment of the session during which the act was passed and the election at which it is considered (Const. Next state election, and depending on type, must be submitted by September, then December, and then possibly July (see deadlines and timelines topic). Const. A criminal records check is conducted (ORS 250.048). Should this bill be: Approved. Timeline for collecting signatures: Must be 180 days from official summary date by attorney general (Cal.Elec.Code 9014). Art. Const. LXXXI, 4). II, 9(b)). Geographic distribution: 5% in each of two-thirds of the congressional districts (Const. Timeline for taking effect: Thirty days after the election at which it was approved (Const. 2, 3; M.G.L.A. Art. In the others, the measure goes directly to the ballot after it is submitted to the legislature. Number of signatures required: For statutory initiatives, 8 % of legal voters that cast ballots for governor in the last election. Art. Const. Nevada: The secretary of state will appoint two, three-person committees, one for and one against the measure. 116.180). 33. Utah requires 60 percent approval for laws that alter hunting and fishing (See Utah Const. Const. 34-1809). Art. II, 1b), Types allowed: Direct statutory and constitutional amendment initiatives, and popular referendum, Single subject rule: Yes (OK Const. 1953 20A-7-204.1). Verification: County officials check that each signatory is a registered elector of the county. Art. The maximum number of signatures counted from any individual congressional district is one-fifth of the total number required. For statute initiatives, no later than three months prior to the election the measure is to be voted upon, and must submit to the county officials no sooner than nine months and no later than four weeks prior to the final deadline. Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (ORC 3599.13 and .14). If legislature amends, it does not go into effect until the original is rejected by the voters (OH Const. It is referred to the attorney general for approval (Mo.Rev.Stat. Art. VI, 1 and Utah Code 20A-7-301(2)). Who can sign the petition: Legal voters (IC 34-1805 and -1814). Art. 1953 20A-7-204). Payment on a per-signature basis prohibited; bonuses based on reliability, longevity and productivity are permitted. 12, 2), Mississippi (MS Const. Art. Some states place restrictions on how sponsors may pay petition circulators. 19, 1). Timeline for taking effect: Thirty days after governor proclaims election results, which happens within 10 days after the vote has been canvassed and determined. 5, 1; A.C.A. d. housekeeping dollars, 48. Does the law in question take effect before the referendum vote: Non-emergency laws subject to referendum do not take effect until 30 days after voter approval. Art. Next statewide or general election, whichever comes first that is not less than 60 days after the petition is submitted, At the next ensuing election held throughout the state for members of the U.S. House of Representatives. Circulator requirements: US citizen and at least 18 years old (CRS 1-40-112). 5, 6; 34 Okl.St.Ann. The following 26 states have initiative and/or veto referendum processes at the statewide level. d. All of the above involved ideological clashes. Who can sign the petition: Qualified voters (Const. And, in some states, the review is purely technical; the proposal is reviewed to ensure it meets the legal requirements for format and style and adheres to drafting conventions. II, 1g). Art. remainder of that party's candidates is called the The popular referendum is a measure that appears on the ballot as a result of a voter petition drive and is similar to the initiative in that both are triggered by petitions, but there are important differences. Code 18680. Prepared by the office of financial management, in consultation with the secretary of state, the attorney general, and any other appropriate state or local agency. Proponent organization and requirements: None specified. The intention is to display ads that are relevant and engaging for the individual user and thereby more valuable for publishers and third party advertisers. Paid signature gatherers must register with the secretary of state and pay a fee of $20 for each petition they will be paid to circulate (SDCL 2-1-1.5 through -1.9). 168.471; 168.472). Otherwise, they may submit an alternative measure. Petition sheets will always include space for signatures. What is on each petition: Petitions substantially follow the form found in U.C.A. At a party convention, when an entire state delegation votes for the single candidate supported by the Petition title and summary creation: A title board comprised of the attorney general, the secretary of state and the director of the office of legislative legal services or their designees (CRS 1-40-106). Art. What is on each petition: Sponsors create petitions pursuant to guidelines in statute. CONST. The first statewide general, special, special runoff, or primary election after the petition has been filed, a legislative session has convened and adjourned, and a period of 120 days has expired since the adjournment of the legislative session. Repeat measures: May only be attempted once every three years (Ne.Rev.St. 15, Sec. A referred measure may be voted upon at a statewide election or at a special election called by the governor. Art. 34-1805), Geographic distribution: Six % of the qualified electors at the time of the last general election in each of at least 18 legislative districts, out of 35 total districts (I.C. Geographic distribution: The registered voters signing such petition shall be so distributed as to include five percent of the whole number of votes cast for governor at the last election in each of two-fifths of the counties of the state (Const. A successful referendum will alter the wording of the Constitution by deletion and/or insertion. 168.471 and M.C.L.A. Submission deadline of signatures: 18 months (W.S.1977 22-24-315). Repeal or change restrictions: Two-thirds vote required to amend or repeal, and governor may not veto (Ne.Rev.St. 19-123 and A.R.S. Verification: The secretary of state shall by rule designate a statistical sampling technique to verify whether a petition contains the required number of signatures (ORS 250.105). Art. Circulator requirements: US citizen and at least 18 years of age (Wyo. Withdrawal process of individual signature: Any person who alleges they signed as a result of fraud, coercion, or being intentional misleading as to the substance or effect of the petition, may withdraw their signature by filing an affidavit with the secretary of state any time before the secretary of state has accepted and filed the petition (Miss. Attorney general after receiving written comments from Legislative Research Council, U.C.A. May be withdrawn by any of the people authorized to do so in the original application; withdrawal is made via a form prescribed by the secretary of state. 48, Init., Pt. 34-1805). Const. For indirect statutory initiatives, 3 % of the votes cast for governor in the last election to submit to the legislator. seat in the House of Representatives? 19, 3; N.R.S. 12, 2). Petitions must be submitted not more than 90 days after the final adjournment of the session of the general assembly that passed the bill on which the referendum is demanded.
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